Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Lockheed Constellation shopping experience:

1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Lockheed Constellation offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Lockheed Constellation at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.

2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about

3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Lockheed Constellation? Wrong! If the Lockheed Constellation is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.

4. Questions - Got a question about Lockheed Constellation then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....

5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Lockheed Constellation? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Lockheed Constellation and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.

6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Lockheed Constellation wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.

7. Feedback - happy with your Lockheed Constellation then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.

8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Lockheed Constellation site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site

9. Contact - got a question about Lockheed Constellation, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.

10. Payment - ready to pay for your Lockheed Constellation, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.

{{infobox Aircraft |name =Constellation |type =Airliner |manufacturer =[Lockheed |image =Image:049-connie-gov.jpg |caption =A [Qantas '''L-749''' Constellation. |designer =[Clarence "Kelly" Johnson[Hall Hibbard |first flight =9 January [ |introduced =1943 with [Air Transport Command1945 with [Trans World Airlines |retired =1967, airline service1978, military |primary user =[Trans World Airlines |produced = 1943-1958 |number built =856 |variants with their own articles =[EC-121 Warning Star -->

The Lockheed Constellation, affectionately known as the “Connie”, was a four-engine propeller-driven airliner built by Lockheed between 1943 and 1958 at its Burbank, California, USA, facility. A total of 856 aircraft were produced in four models, all distinguished by a distinctive triple-tail design and graceful, dolphin-shaped fuselage. It was used as both a civilian airliner and U.S. military air transport plane, seeing service in the Berlin Airlift and as the presidential aircraft for President Eisenhower.

Design and development Excalibur: The Constellation's predecessor Since 1937 in aviation, Lockheed had been working on the L-044 Excalibur, a four-engine pressurized airliner. In 1939 in aviation Trans World Airlines, at the encouragement of major stockholder Howard Hughes, requested a 40-passenger transcontinental airliner with 3,500 mile (5,630 km) range - well beyond the capabilities of the limited Excalibur design. TWA's requirements led to the L-049 Constellation, designed by such Lockheed engineers as Clarence Johnson and Hall Hibbard.Yenne, Bill, Lockheed. Greenwich, Connecticut: Bison Books,1987, p. 44-46. ISBN 0-51760-471-X. Willis Hawkins, another Lockheed engineer, maintains that the Excalibur program was purely a cover for the Constellation.Boyne, Walter J. Beyond the Horizons: The Lockheed Story. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998, p. 135-137. ISBN 0-31224-438-X.

Development of the Constellation The Constellation's wing was effectively the same as that of the P-38 Lightning, differing only in scale.Clarence Johnson (), Kelly: More Than My Share of it All. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books, 1985. ISBN 0-87474-491-1. The distinctive triple tail kept the aircraft's overall height low enough so that it could fit in existing hangars, while new features included hydraulically-boosted controls and a thermal de-icing system used on wing and tail leading edges.

With the onset of World War II, the TWA aircraft entering production were converted to an order for C-69 military transport aircraft, with 202 aircraft intended for the United States Army Air Forces. The first prototype (civil registration NX25600) flew on 9 January 1943 in aviation, a simple ferry hop from Burbank to Muroc Field for testing. Eddie Allen, on loan from Boeing, flew left seat, with Lockheed's own Milo Burcham as copilot. Rudy Thoren and Kelly Johnson were also on board.

With only 22 C-69s delivered before the end of hostilities, the military cancelled the remainder of the order. Aircraft already in production were thus finished as civilian airliners, with TWA receiving the first on 1 October 1945. The first transatlantic proving flight departed Washington, DC on 3 December 1945, arriving in Paris on 4 December via Gander and Shannon.

Rumors persist that Hughes himself was influential in the design of the Constellation, but these are untrue. His only input was suggestions on the required performance and cockpit layout. He left the rest of the design work to Lockheed.

Operational history Trans World Airlines opened post-war commercial intercontinental air service on 6 February, 1946 in aviation, with a New York - Paris flight in a Constellation. On 17 June, 1947 in aviation, Pan American World Airways opened the first ever regularly-scheduled around-the-world service with their L-749 Clipper America. The famous flight Pan Am 101 remained in service for 50 years.

As the first cabin pressurization in widespread use, the Constellation helped to usher in affordable and comfortable air travel for the masses. Some of the more famous operators of Constellations were TWA, Pan American World Airways, Air France, BOAC, KLM, Qantas, Lufthansa, Iberia Airlines, Panair do Brasil, TAP Portugal and Trans-Canada Airlines (later renamed Air Canada).

Initial difficulties The Constellation suffered three accidents in the first ten months of airline service, temporarily curtailing its career as a passenger airliner. On 18 June 1946, the engine of a Pan American aircraft caught fire and fell off. The flight crew was able to make an emergency landing with no loss of life. However, on 11 July of the same year a Transcontinental and Western Air aircraft fell victim to inflight fire, crashing in a field and taking the lives of five of the six on board. The accidents prompted the suspension of the Constellation's airworthiness certificate until Lockheed could modify the design to avoid repeats of the problems.

The Constellation, like other piston-powered airliners of the day, proved prone to engine failures, earning it the nickname of "the world's finest three-engine airliner" in some circles.

Records Sleek and powerful, Constellations set a number of records. On 17 April 1944 in aviation, the second production L-049, piloted by Howard Hughes and TWA president Jack Frye flew from Burbank, California to Washington D.C. in 6 hours and 57 minutes. On the return trip, the aircraft stopped at Wright Field to give Orville Wright his last plane flight, more than 40 years after his historic first flight. He commented that the wingspan on the Constellation was longer than the distance of his first flight.

On 29 September 1957 in aviation, an L-1649A Starliner flew from Los Angeles to London in 18 hours and 32 minutes (c. 5,420 miles). The L-1649A still holds the record for the longest-duration non-stop passenger flight — during TWA's inaugural London to San Francisco flight on 1-2 October 1957, the aircraft stayed aloft for a remarkable 23 hours and 19 minutes (c. 5,350 miles)

Obsolescence The advent of jet airliners, with the de Havilland Comet, Boeing 707, and Convair 880, rendered the piston-engined Constellation obsolete. The first routes lost to jets were the long overseas routes, but Constellations continued to fly domestic routes. The last scheduled passenger flight of a four-engined piston-engined airliner in the United States was made by a TWA L-749 on 11 May 1967 in aviation from Philadelphia to Kansas City, MO. Germain, Scott E., Lockheed Constellation & Super Constellation. North Branch, MN: Specialty Press, 1998. p. 89. ISBN 1-58007-000-0. Many Constellations continued to serve as fast freighters for years to come.

Timeline

Variants image:Super Constellation at Salisbury Airport Rhodesia.JPG, Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in 1975. Used as a flying club headquarters.The Constellation was produced in both civil and military versions. The initial military versions carried the Lockheed designation of L-049; as World War II came to a close, some were completed as civil L-049 Constellations. The first purpose-built passenger Constellation was the more powerful L-649, followed by the L-1049 Super Constellation and L-1649 Starliner. Military versions included the C-69 and C-121 for the United States Army Air Forces/United States Air Force and the R7O R7V-1 WV-1 (L-1049G) WV-2 (L-1049H) (famously Willie Victor) and many variant EC-121 designations for the United States Navy (Navy ref Swanborough & Bowers, United States Navy Aircraft since 1911, Funk & Wagnalls, NY, 1968, also Fahey The Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet, 8th Ed, US Naval Institute, Anapolis, 1965).

Operators Constellations were used by dozens of airlines and air forces around the world. After TWA's initial order was filled following World War II, customers rapidly accumulated, with over 800 aircraft built. In military service, the US Navy and Air Force operated the EC-121 Warning Star variant until 1978, nearly 40 years after work on the L-049 began.Pakistan International Airlines was First airline from an Asian country to fly the Super Constellation.

Surviving examples flew in two Constellations, named Columbine II and Columbine III.

Specifications (L-1049-G Super Constellation) {{aircraft specifications

|ref=Great Aircraft of the World, and Quest for PerformanceLoftin, L.K. Jr. Quest for performance: The evolution of modern aircraft. NASA SP-468. Access date: 22 April 2006.

]: 0.0211
  • zero-lift drag coefficient 34.82 ft² (3.23 m²)
  • Aspect ratio (wing): 9.17

    |engine (prop)=Wright R-3350|type of prop=18-cylinder supercharged radial engines]: 16.0

    -->

    References

    External links

    Related content {{aircontent|related=

    |similar aircraft=

    |sequence=

    |lists=

    |see also=

    -->

    {{infobox Aircraft |name =Constellation |type =Airliner |manufacturer =[Lockheed |image =Image:049-connie-gov.jpg |caption =A [Qantas '''L-749''' Constellation. |designer =[Clarence "Kelly" Johnson[Hall Hibbard |first flight =9 January [ |introduced =1943 with [Air Transport Command1945 with [Trans World Airlines |retired =1967, airline service1978, military |primary user =[Trans World Airlines |produced = 1943-1958 |number built =856 |variants with their own articles =[EC-121 Warning Star -->

    The Lockheed Constellation, affectionately known as the “Connie”, was a four-engine propeller-driven airliner built by Lockheed between 1943 and 1958 at its Burbank, California, USA, facility. A total of 856 aircraft were produced in four models, all distinguished by a distinctive triple-tail design and graceful, dolphin-shaped fuselage. It was used as both a civilian airliner and U.S. military air transport plane, seeing service in the Berlin Airlift and as the presidential aircraft for President Eisenhower.

    Design and development Excalibur: The Constellation's predecessor Since 1937 in aviation, Lockheed had been working on the L-044 Excalibur, a four-engine pressurized airliner. In 1939 in aviation Trans World Airlines, at the encouragement of major stockholder Howard Hughes, requested a 40-passenger transcontinental airliner with 3,500 mile (5,630 km) range - well beyond the capabilities of the limited Excalibur design. TWA's requirements led to the L-049 Constellation, designed by such Lockheed engineers as Clarence Johnson and Hall Hibbard.Yenne, Bill, Lockheed. Greenwich, Connecticut: Bison Books,1987, p. 44-46. ISBN 0-51760-471-X. Willis Hawkins, another Lockheed engineer, maintains that the Excalibur program was purely a cover for the Constellation.Boyne, Walter J. Beyond the Horizons: The Lockheed Story. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998, p. 135-137. ISBN 0-31224-438-X.

    Development of the Constellation The Constellation's wing was effectively the same as that of the P-38 Lightning, differing only in scale.Clarence Johnson (), Kelly: More Than My Share of it All. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books, 1985. ISBN 0-87474-491-1. The distinctive triple tail kept the aircraft's overall height low enough so that it could fit in existing hangars, while new features included hydraulically-boosted controls and a thermal de-icing system used on wing and tail leading edges.

    With the onset of World War II, the TWA aircraft entering production were converted to an order for C-69 military transport aircraft, with 202 aircraft intended for the United States Army Air Forces. The first prototype (civil registration NX25600) flew on 9 January 1943 in aviation, a simple ferry hop from Burbank to Muroc Field for testing. Eddie Allen, on loan from Boeing, flew left seat, with Lockheed's own Milo Burcham as copilot. Rudy Thoren and Kelly Johnson were also on board.

    With only 22 C-69s delivered before the end of hostilities, the military cancelled the remainder of the order. Aircraft already in production were thus finished as civilian airliners, with TWA receiving the first on 1 October 1945. The first transatlantic proving flight departed Washington, DC on 3 December 1945, arriving in Paris on 4 December via Gander and Shannon.

    Rumors persist that Hughes himself was influential in the design of the Constellation, but these are untrue. His only input was suggestions on the required performance and cockpit layout. He left the rest of the design work to Lockheed.

    Operational history Trans World Airlines opened post-war commercial intercontinental air service on 6 February, 1946 in aviation, with a New York - Paris flight in a Constellation. On 17 June, 1947 in aviation, Pan American World Airways opened the first ever regularly-scheduled around-the-world service with their L-749 Clipper America. The famous flight Pan Am 101 remained in service for 50 years.

    As the first cabin pressurization in widespread use, the Constellation helped to usher in affordable and comfortable air travel for the masses. Some of the more famous operators of Constellations were TWA, Pan American World Airways, Air France, BOAC, KLM, Qantas, Lufthansa, Iberia Airlines, Panair do Brasil, TAP Portugal and Trans-Canada Airlines (later renamed Air Canada).

    Initial difficulties The Constellation suffered three accidents in the first ten months of airline service, temporarily curtailing its career as a passenger airliner. On 18 June 1946, the engine of a Pan American aircraft caught fire and fell off. The flight crew was able to make an emergency landing with no loss of life. However, on 11 July of the same year a Transcontinental and Western Air aircraft fell victim to inflight fire, crashing in a field and taking the lives of five of the six on board. The accidents prompted the suspension of the Constellation's airworthiness certificate until Lockheed could modify the design to avoid repeats of the problems.

    The Constellation, like other piston-powered airliners of the day, proved prone to engine failures, earning it the nickname of "the world's finest three-engine airliner" in some circles.

    Records Sleek and powerful, Constellations set a number of records. On 17 April 1944 in aviation, the second production L-049, piloted by Howard Hughes and TWA president Jack Frye flew from Burbank, California to Washington D.C. in 6 hours and 57 minutes. On the return trip, the aircraft stopped at Wright Field to give Orville Wright his last plane flight, more than 40 years after his historic first flight. He commented that the wingspan on the Constellation was longer than the distance of his first flight.

    On 29 September 1957 in aviation, an L-1649A Starliner flew from Los Angeles to London in 18 hours and 32 minutes (c. 5,420 miles). The L-1649A still holds the record for the longest-duration non-stop passenger flight — during TWA's inaugural London to San Francisco flight on 1-2 October 1957, the aircraft stayed aloft for a remarkable 23 hours and 19 minutes (c. 5,350 miles)

    Obsolescence The advent of jet airliners, with the de Havilland Comet, Boeing 707, and Convair 880, rendered the piston-engined Constellation obsolete. The first routes lost to jets were the long overseas routes, but Constellations continued to fly domestic routes. The last scheduled passenger flight of a four-engined piston-engined airliner in the United States was made by a TWA L-749 on 11 May 1967 in aviation from Philadelphia to Kansas City, MO. Germain, Scott E., Lockheed Constellation & Super Constellation. North Branch, MN: Specialty Press, 1998. p. 89. ISBN 1-58007-000-0. Many Constellations continued to serve as fast freighters for years to come.

    Timeline

    Variants image:Super Constellation at Salisbury Airport Rhodesia.JPG, Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in 1975. Used as a flying club headquarters.The Constellation was produced in both civil and military versions. The initial military versions carried the Lockheed designation of L-049; as World War II came to a close, some were completed as civil L-049 Constellations. The first purpose-built passenger Constellation was the more powerful L-649, followed by the L-1049 Super Constellation and L-1649 Starliner. Military versions included the C-69 and C-121 for the United States Army Air Forces/United States Air Force and the R7O R7V-1 WV-1 (L-1049G) WV-2 (L-1049H) (famously Willie Victor) and many variant EC-121 designations for the United States Navy (Navy ref Swanborough & Bowers, United States Navy Aircraft since 1911, Funk & Wagnalls, NY, 1968, also Fahey The Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet, 8th Ed, US Naval Institute, Anapolis, 1965).

    Operators Constellations were used by dozens of airlines and air forces around the world. After TWA's initial order was filled following World War II, customers rapidly accumulated, with over 800 aircraft built. In military service, the US Navy and Air Force operated the EC-121 Warning Star variant until 1978, nearly 40 years after work on the L-049 began.Pakistan International Airlines was First airline from an Asian country to fly the Super Constellation.

    Surviving examples flew in two Constellations, named Columbine II and Columbine III.

    Specifications (L-1049-G Super Constellation) {{aircraft specifications

    |ref=Great Aircraft of the World, and Quest for PerformanceLoftin, L.K. Jr. Quest for performance: The evolution of modern aircraft. NASA SP-468. Access date: 22 April 2006.

    ]: 0.0211
  • zero-lift drag coefficient 34.82 ft² (3.23 m²)
  • Aspect ratio (wing): 9.17

    |engine (prop)=Wright R-3350|type of prop=18-cylinder supercharged radial engines]: 16.0

    -->

    References

    External links

    Related content {{aircontent|related=

    |similar aircraft=

    |sequence=

    |lists=

    |see also=

    -->



    Lockheed 749A Constellation N494TW
    Last updated: 9th September 1998

    Lockheed 749A Constellation N494TW
    Last updated: 22nd July 1998

    Lockheed Constellation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    The Lockheed Constellation, affectionately known as the “Connie”, was a four-engine propeller-driven airliner built by Lockheed between 1943 and 1958 at its Burbank, California ...

    Lockheed Constellation - Wikimedia Commons
    The Lockheed Constellation and Super-Constellation, nicknamed Connie and Super-Connie, was a four-engine propeller-driven aircraft built by Lockheed between 1943 and 1958.

    Category:Lockheed Constellation - Wikimedia Commons
    Pages in category "Lockheed Constellation" This category contains only the following page. L. Lockheed Constellation

    Amazon.co.uk: Lockheed Constellation and Super Constellation: 1 ...
    Amazon.co.uk: Lockheed Constellation and Super Constellation: 1 (AirlinerTech): Scott E. Germain: Books ...

    Lockheed Constellation and Super Constellation Survivors
    Devoted to surviving Lockheed Constellation and Super Constellation, one of the premier airliners of the 1950's. The history of each aircraft is summarized along with multiple ...

    Lockheed Constellation Survivors
    A list of surviving Lockheed Constellation L049 airliners. The L049 Constellation was the first post WW II modern pressurized airliner and this site includes individual histories ...

    CORGI AVIATION No 47505 LOCKHEED CONSTELLATION-Braniff on eBay, also ...
    Find CORGI AVIATION No 47505 LOCKHEED CONSTELLATION-Braniff in the , Aircraft , Corgi , Diecast Vehicles , Toys Games category on eBay.co.uk. ...

    CORGI AVIATION LOCKHEED C-121A CONSTELLATION MATS 47509 on eBay, also ...
    Find CORGI AVIATION LOCKHEED C-121A CONSTELLATION MATS 47509 in the , Aircraft , Corgi , Diecast Vehicles , Toys Games category on eBay.co.uk. ...

    •  

    Lockheed Constellation



     
    Copyright © 2008 Hintcenter.com - All rights reserved.
    Home | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy
    All Trademarks belong to their repective owners. Many aspects of this page are used under
    commercial commons license from Yahoo!